Traditionally, specially-trained orthodontists use fixed braces to straighten crooked teeth. Relapse can occur when teeth move back after treatment has been completed. The reasons for relapse are complex and not completely understood.

The entire human genome has now been sequenced, and certain genes are known to involve in moving teeth: Teeth are naturally-designed to move, for example, tooth eruption in a normally-growing child. In addition, the teeth in some people erupt in a specific arrangement for a beautiful smile. The specific arrangement of teeth is due to certain genes. In fact, a natural process called temporo-spatial patterning is at work. This process is the blueprint or body plan that is encoded by genes. In other words, the right and left sides of the body, the top and bottom of the body as well as the front and back of the entire body is under the control of a genetic body plan, including the teeth. However, in some people, the plan gets disturbed resulting in crooked teeth.

Epigenetic orthodontics means that various human genes or combinations of the patient's naturally-inherited genes are harnessed in combination or independently with various orthodontic/orthopedic/pneumopedic™ devices or DNA appliances™ to modify, change or attenuate the physical location of natural teeth, jaws and airway in 3-D space during orthodontic/orthopedic/pneumopedic™ treatments, based on the concept of temporo-spatial patterning (the spatial organization of the teeth, jaws and airway can be mapped in 3-D space at known anatomical locations using x, y, z coordinates. The pattern in 3-D space of craniofacial structures are encoded within the patient's genome.)

DNA appliances™ are capable of modulating genetic pathways, which are effectively dormant or inactive, and are capable of restarting craniofacial development in adult patients as well as in children: Abnormal patterning is corrected, in part, through the deployment of orthodontic/orthopedic/pneumopedic™ devices or DNA appliances™ which may evoke natural developmental processes that improve a patient's airway and thereby ameliorate or prevent airway issues such as snoring and other forms of sleep-disordered breathing through non-surgical airway remodeling